Colgate In Argentina Essays - Oral Hygiene, American Brands

Colgate In Argentina Essays - Oral Hygiene, American Brands Colgate In Argentina Introduction Colgate was founded in the United States in 1806 and for the first 100 years, its business focus was only there. However, in the very early 1900's, the Company began a very aggressive expansion program that led to the establishment of Colgate operations throughout the world. Today, Colgate-Palmolive is a $9 billion company, marketing its products in over 200 countries and territories under such internationally recognized brand names as Colgate, Palmolive, Ajax, Fab, and Mennen as well as Hill's Science Diet and Hill's Prescription Diet. Colgate Total is considered the greatest evolution in toothpaste since the introduction of fluoride. This highly effective formula, containing fluoride and the antimicrobial ingredient, Triclosan, has been demonstrated clinically to help prevent gingivitis, plaque, cavities and tartar. And, its unique patented formula, containing the co-polymer, Gantrez, continues to be active between brushings. It continues to work fighting plaque, gingivitis, tartar and cavities after you stop brushing, even if you eat or drink. No other toothpaste manufactured in the US contains Triclosan or has been cleared to make claims for gingivitis and plaque reduction. Since the announcement of the FDA clearance of Colgate Total on July 14, 1997, retailers have expressed unprecedented enthusiasm and interest. Dr. Sigmund S. Socransky, Associate Professor of Oral Biology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, and Senior Member of the Staff and Head, Departments of Microbiology and Periodontology, Forsyth Dental Center, said, Colgate Total represents one of the most remarkable oral therapeutic achievements in the last 20 years. Colgate Total will benefit the oral health of all users. The most common non-contagious diseases are periodontal diseases such as gingivitis. In fact, 63% of Americans suffer from gingivitis. As the only toothpaste with this formula, Colgate Total will help Americans take greater care of their teeth and gums than ever before and will help younger people prevent these dental problems. Since Colgate Total was introduced internationally in 1992, over half a billion tubes have been purchased by millions of consumers in 103 countries. However, before permitting it to be marketed in the US, the FDA conducted an extensive review of data in Colgates clinical tests. These included five major studies that supported the safety and efficacy of the toothpaste. Independent dental associations in 30 countries, including the American, Canadian and British Dental Associations, have awarded seals of acceptance to Colgate Total. Colgate Total will begin shipping to food, drug and mass merchandisers nationwide on December 15, 1997, and will have a suggested retail price of $2.49, $2.99 and $3.49 for 4.2, 6.0 and 7.8 ounce tubes, respectively. Colgate-Palmolive is a leading global consumer products company tightly focused on Oral Care, Personal Care, Household Care, Fabric Care and Pet Nutrition. In the U.S., Colgate sells its quality products under such nationally recognized brand names as Colgate, Palmolive, Mennen, Ajax, Irish Spring, Softsoap, Murphy Oil Soap, Ultra Brite, Baby Magic and Fab, as well as Hill's Science Diet and Hill's Prescription Diet pet foods. Executive summary Successful international marketers possess the ability to identify with and adapt to different cultural environments. International marketing requires that one actively anticipate the effects both foreign and domestic uncontrollable environments exert over the marketing mix, and then adequately adjust the marketing mix to minimize potential negative effects. Often times an international marketers self-reference criterion impede his or her ability to accurately assess and properly respond to foreign operating environments. Rather than rely on their own self reliance criteria, international marketers must conduct far-reaching, comprehensive cultural and economic analyses of potential foreign markets in order to develop more effective and responsive marketing mixes that improve the success potential of their market-development strategies. Argentina certainly represents a viable market-development opportunity for Colgate Total toothpaste. U.S. companies intending to export to Argentina should consider economic, demographic, as well as cultural characteristics that differentiate it from other Latin American countries. Having the highest per capita gross domestic product and the second highest total gross domestic product and life expectancy in Latin America, as well as low rates of population increase and illiteracy rates, Argentina attracts many business opportunities. The population and economic activity are highly concentrated in the Greater Buenos Aires area. The population is largely of European descent and continues to have strong

10 Heterogeneous and Homogeneous Mixtures

10 Heterogeneous and Homogeneous Mixtures When you combine two or more materials, you form a mixture. There are two categories of mixtures: homogeneous mixtures and heterogeneous mixtures. Heres a closer look at these types of mixtures and examples of mixtures. Key Takeaways: Mixture A mixture is formed by combining two or more materials.A homogeneous mixture appears uniform, regardless of where you sample it. A heterogeneous mixture contains particles of different shapes or sizes and the composition of one sample may differ from that of another sample.Whether a mixture is heterogeneous or homogeneous depends on how closely you examine it. Sand may appear homogeneous from a distance, yet when you magnify it, it is heterogeneous.Examples of homogeneous mixtures include air, saline solution, most alloys, and bitumen.Examples of heterogeneous mixtures include sand, oil and water, and chicken noodle soup. Homogeneous Mixtures Homogeneous mixtures appear uniform to the eye. They consist of a single phase, be it liquid, gas, or solid, no matter where you sample them or how closely you examine them. The chemical composition is the same for any sample of the mixture. Heterogeneous Mixtures Heterogeneous mixtures are not uniform. If you take two samples from different parts of the mixture, they will not have an identical composition. You can use a mechanical method to separate components of a heterogeneous mixture (e.g., sorting candies in a bowl). Sometimes these mixtures are obvious, where you can see different types of materials in a sample. For example, if you have a salad, you can see different sizes and shapes and types of vegetables. In other cases, you need to look more closely to recognize this mixture. Any mixture that contains more than one phase of matter is a heterogeneous mixture. This can be tricky because a change of conditions can alter a mixture. For example, an unopened soda in a bottle has a uniform composition and is a homogeneous mixture. Once you open the bottle, bubbles appear in the liquid. The bubbles from carbonation are gasses, while the majority of the soda is liquid. An opened can of soda is an example of a heterogeneous mixture. Examples of Mixtures Air is a homogeneous mixture. However, the Earths atmosphere as a whole is a heterogeneous mixture. See the clouds? Thats evidence the composition is not uniform.Alloys are made when two or more metals are mixed together. They usually are homogeneous mixtures. Examples include brass, bronze, steel, and sterling silver. Sometimes multiple phases exist in alloys. In these cases, they are heterogeneous mixtures. The two types of mixtures are distinguished by the size of the crystals that are present.Mixing together two solids, without melting them together, typically results in a heterogeneous mixture. Examples include sand and sugar, salt and gravel, a basket of produce, and a toy box filled with toys.Mixtures in two or more phases are heterogeneous mixtures. Examples include ice cubes in a drink, sand and water, and salt and oil.The liquid that is immiscible form heterogeneous mixtures. A good example is a mixture of oil and water.Chemical solutions are usually homogeneous mixtures. T he exception would be solutions that contain another phase of matter. For example, you can make a homogeneous solution of sugar and water, but if there are crystals in the solution, it becomes a heterogeneous mixture. Many common chemicals are homogeneous mixtures. Examples include vodka, vinegar, and dishwashing liquid.Many familiar items are heterogeneous mixtures. Examples include orange juice with pulp and chicken noodle soup.Some mixtures that appear homogeneous at first glance are heterogeneous upon closer inspection. Examples include blood, soil, and sand.A homogeneous mixture can be a component of a heterogeneous mixture. For example, bitumen (a homogeneous mixture) is a component of asphalt (a heterogeneous mixture). Not a Mixture Technically, if a chemical reaction is occurring when you mix two materials, its not a mixture... at least not until it has finished reacting. If you mix baking soda and vinegar, a chemical reaction occurs. Once the reaction has finished, the remaining material is a mixture.If you mix together ingredients to bake a cake, a chemical reaction occurs between the ingredients. While we use the term mixture in cooking, it doesnt always mean the same thing as the chemistry definition.